Spinning, twisting, and doubling machinery.



S. Z. DE PERRANTI. SPINNING, TWISTING, AND DOUBLING MACHINERY. APPLIOATION FILED MAY 29, 1909. RENEWED APE.10,1912.

Patented July 22, 1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

s. 2. DE FERRANTI. SPINNING, TWISTING, AND DOUBLING PLIOATION FILED MAY 29 MACHINERY. 1909. RENEWED APR. 10, 1912.

mm 0 mm M w W f um V, Mm .w m 70 m wv m M HQ 2 z v 0 M F m. m M X i Q 0 o ./O 7 0 w 0 .WD w Q o 7 6 W. 0, $5 r 1 f 1 5554s mw s. 2. DE FERBANTI. SPINNING, TWISTING, AND DOUBLING MACHINERY. APPLICATION FILED MAY 29, 1909. RENEWBDAPE. 10, 1912 1 67 97 Patented July 22,1913.

4 SHBETSSHEBT 4.

liven/E7,- A e hS'ZZdh/Z le Irrzznt SEBASTIAN ZIANE DE FERRANTI, F GEINIFLEFUBYD, Ell'G-Llall'lfi.

,L ZPKNNING, TWISTING, AND DKPUEFJLKNG JEEACHKNEEY.

Specification of Letters Iietent.

Patented July 232, ii'lllifiq.

Original application filed August 18, 190%, Serial Ho. 22-295. Divided and this application filed may as, 1909, Serial No. $99,132. Renews-"l April 10, 196,53. fierial No 588,904.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that l, SEBASTIAN 23mm. on Premium, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, and residing at Grindleford, in the county of Derby, England, have invented certain. new'and useful In proirements in and Relating to Spinning, Twisting, and Doubling Machinery, of which the following is e specification.

This invention has for its object improve 'ments in the apparatus for and the methods of doubling and spinning whereby greater production and better work may be obtained than at present.

Hitherto in machines of the type ein loy' means of which this disadvantage in cup spinning is obviated.

According to the present invention a part only of the ultimately desired twist is imparted to the Trilateral, as it its-being spun isted or doubled into the cup, and the ren'iainder of the ultimately desired twist as it is being spun twisted or doubled out oi the cup.

As the greater the amount of twist in the material the greater is the tendency to snerl according to my improvements, as only part or the twist is put into the material. as it is being twisted into the cup, the tendency for snarling to take place is diminished if not altogether eliminated.

Referring now to the accoin panying drawings which illustrate the invention and form part of my specification:Figur s 1 and 2 ere plan andelevation of a. form of SlX'COICl i thread machine; Fig. 3 shows a machine for spinning; in and out of soup, Fig. 4'; shows a similar machine but with the material wound back on to the some bobbin. from which it was drawn, Fig. 4% is a plan of the machlne'shown in Fig. '4, Fig. is a plain VlEEW of a detailoif the machine of Fig. 4:, showing the method of throwing the yarn into gear with the automatic winder; 6 end 7 are end. vs 01'. a modified iorn'i oi bobbin drive in the machine of Fig.

ell roll 0, i

I Wish it to be understood thee-the drawingsaceompnnying and forming -l oait of this specification are of a diagran'nnetic nature and are not to be taken as Working drew-- lugs.

When desirable the same reference symbols have been used to denote corresponding; parts in the different drawings.

According to one method of manufacturing six cord thread the threehigh speed rotating spindles may be fitted with pinions and placed around a single wheel in the manner indicated in Figs. 1 and 2, this single wheel being used direct or through gearing to operate the draw-oil or feed rolls.

Thus the double ends from the bobbins, 11,

are led first, preferably through the wetting troughs, 23', to the feed rolls whence they pass by way or the reciprocating guides, 2%, to their 1: iective cups, 525, 26, and 27, receiving n anther part of the required relntire t. st during this operation. The cup spindles are titted. with pinions, each meshing with the single wheel, 29, which is also gearei'l. by wit of the spiral gearing, S0, and bevel wheels, 31, to the feed rollers, 32, which in this machine are preferably mounted on the some spindle. After sutlicicnt material has been spun into the cups,

the three ends of the new partially twisted doubling are taken through the feed rolls, 33, to the large cup, 3st, into which they are led by the reciprocating guide, 35, the doubling of the two original ends from each bobbin being thereby completed. while at the some time the three double threads receive seine part oi their final relative twist. The driven feed roller, 3b, in this ope ation is conveniently mounted direct on the spindle of the gen" wheel, Finally, after the cup, S-l, has received suilicient material, the three. double threads partially twisted together are lend by way of the guide roll, 37, to the bobbin, (Z, on which the eoni iileted six-cord thread is wound, the balance of twist having been put'in during'the process of withdraw-ll from the cup, 3-4;. The bobbin, (1, is dr". oh by content from the draw being drawn out of the large cup, 34, and wound on the bobbin, (Z. The contents of these cups are then transferred to the single large cup and the above operation repeated. I may, howeverin some cases transfer any of thecups bodily to another machine for subsequent treatment.

In carrying my invention into effect according to one form, I may provide cups as already described running at a high speed and feed the doublinginto same at say twice the rate in relation to the speed which would ordinarily be practised. F or example, if I wish to put in 22 turns per inch to say No. 50s doubling, I would so arrange the speed in relation to the feed rolls that 11 turns per inch were putin during the process of'twisting which goes on as the material is being fed into the cup. As the material is Withdrawn from the cup I still continue the same speed of the cup and the same relative speed of the feed roll and put in the balance of the 11 turns, during the withdrawal from the cup making 22 in all during the whole process.

Preferably only a minimum of twist is put intov the material as it is spun into the cup, since then if an end breaks and the cup has to be stopped for piecing up the stability of the bobbin is not endangered by snarling taking place. In the example describ'edabove I have shown that I may put in half the twist going into the cup and. the remaining half coming out but it will be evident that in doubling or the like I can put in any proportion of the'twist at either operation so long as the total twist is the desired amount. Where, however, the same roll and feed mechanism is used for the unwinding and the winding, half the twist must clearly be put in at each operation in order to obtain the simplest mechanism.

The feeding is done through a reciprocating guide or tube, so as to lay the dou-' bling evenly within the cup; I prefer to give the guiding tube a winding motion or cheese winding motion so as to make the coil formed within the cup as much selflocliin as possible. bling can be dealt with in this way, and so as to accomplish the result with the least possible labor I may employ feed rolls situated by preference above the 'cup and feeding from a bobbin direct into it by means of the bobbin itself resting on the feed rolls and by their rotation emptying into the cup. The feed rolls may also be used to wet the bobbin and the yarnduring this process, so

that it is wetted before the first twisting operation begins and delivered in a wet state into the cup.

Referring to Fig. 3, an example of the above process is shown iii-which the roving is first passed through the usual'attenuat- Large bobbins of don-- \vctted during this part of the twisting process. After all the material has been spun into the cup, the inside end is led over the guide roller 40, to the bobbin, (Z, on which it is wound, the bobbin (5, being driven by direct surface contact, from the roll, 0, against which it is held by the pressure roll, 22, thus insuring constant sur face speed. During the process of Withdrawing the material from the cup, the balance of the desired total twist is put into be material. In the figure the cup is shown driven by a motor, 41, the spindle being positively connected on the one hand to the draw rolls through the spiral gearing, 42, and bevel wheels, 43, and on the other hand direct to the driving roll, 0.

I will now describe an example of the general process in which the material is twisted out of the cup back on to the bobbin from which it was drawn.

Referring to Fig. 4, the bobbin, 44, on which the material has been previously wound is arranged horizontally and is driven direct by friction from the feed roller,

'45, a second roller, 22, being arranged above the bobbin to insure a driving contact. The cup, 00, into and out of which the material is spun, is indicated in the figure as driven by an electric motor, 41, the shaft of the inctcr being positively geared by means of the worm gearing, 46, and bevel wheels, 47, to the feed roller, 45. I attach the inner end of the doubling orthe like to the wooden or other bobbins upon which the doubling'is wound for the process. It then results that although the bobbin is con stantly rotated in the same direction by the feed rolls, when it has done unwinding into the cup (as shown by the arrow heads in Fig. 6) and being twisted by this operation, it is then by the continuous action of the rolls wound on again to the same bobbin until the whole material has been finally twisted from the cup and drawn out again n to the some bobbin onwhich it was originally wound in the untwistcd state. The doubling is drawn off the bobbin without the assistance of any guiding mechanism. As soon, however, as the reverse process con'nnences, it is necessary that the doubling should be automatically guided in proper order on to the bobbin according to the fornroi' winding it. is desired to adopt. I accomplish this result; by means of the different positions w iich the doubling takes up in relatiointo the bobbin and rolls when it-is being wound and unwbund; these pos iio .tions are clearly shown on the drawing, the

arrowheads indicating the direction in which the thread is supposed to be moving. By this difierence of direction, 1 cause the yarn automatically to fall into a slot or notch,48, formed on the rounded or taper surface of a traveling piece, 4C9, (see scrap is pivoted at one of its ends and has a slot,

59, formed at the other. The slot, 59, is engaged by a pin, 60, on a traveling piece, 49, so that the rotation of the motor, 54, causes the traveling piece, 1-9, to lay the material on the bobbin, 45. 1 form my feed. rolls by preference with a ribbed or fluted surface so as to prevent the yarn which is being unwound from sticking to them, as it is only subject to very slight pull due to the centrifugal action within the cup.

A modified form of bobbin drive is shown in Figs. 6 and 7 the bobbin, le resting on two feed rollers, 50, geared to rotate in the same direction by means of the spur gearing shown in Fig. 7, one of the rollers being connected to the cup spindle in the manner above described through the bevel wheels, 51. The method of bringing" the traveling piece into action as the position of the material changes, is indicated in 3, and

will be readily understood from the description already given.

' By the process above described, I may not only doubles pair of ends wound to gether oil a single bobbin into a cup, but I may take separate ends off separate bobbins and double and twist them into the same cup, 6. 9., in the manufacture of six cord thread as above described. Feed rolls means of any yvell known cop windi must then be employed for feeding into the cup and separate draw-off rolls for feeding out of the cup on to a bobbin.

In some cases I feed from two cups into one and in others from three cups into one by means of feed rolls scare-Ll to the several cups in question, in all. cases rotating all the cups so as to put in a portion of the desired twist whether the material is being -Wound mic or out from the cups.

in some may make the cups with the lowe cal and the upper part parallel tion lay tne winding inside the cup in conical layers to assist in keeping it in its place.

It l use an electric motor I prefer to employ a multiphase induction motor with short circuited rotor as this form of motor is most suitable of any for high speed rot-ation. l i hen this form of motor is employed, the speed of all the rotating parts will very closely correspond to that due to synchronous running with the high periodicity generator, less a slip in these small motors of to 1.5% according to the-Work being done and the size which is given to the motor.

It will be noticed. that to perform the operation of twisting the doubling an exceedingly small power is required, as the only power absorbed in this operation is that actually taken for twisting the thread, Where-- as t present the bulk of the power is absorbed by drawing around the traveler which performs the Winding operation at very considerable surface speed against the heavy load due to centrifugal force. Moreover, the load on the traveler in doubling is largely all ected by the varying lubrication of the rubbing surfaces. There is thus at present to-be overcome a considerable amount of work and moreover a varying; load which is entirely absent according to the method I am new describing.

The worlrto be done according to my process consists in twisting the doubling, which is negligible, and that due to hearing friction principally owing, to out of balance in the rotatingpart notwithstanding the flexible bearings that are used and air friction of thehigh speed rotating or twistin 9; part.

l lind a satisfactory speed for ordinary doubling is about 29,000 revolutions though I think that in practice very much higher speeds will be found commercial, and as may have been seen from the description of my process there is nothing, such as the traveler on the ring, which forms a natural barrier against increasing the speed. I prefer for these hiph speed motors, to Wind them with two poles. Even in this case a speed of 20,000 revolutions requires a periodicity of 350, when making a small allowance for slip. This periodicity is exceedingly high and is probably above a good working limit electric T therefore prefer motors. iwhcn ll desire to run at the very highest speeds to drive the spindle by means oi. a small turbine Wheel of the impact type at d to the rotating purl. driven by any le elastic or, inelastic fluid. e turbine does not put any pull upon the s uinillo ,such' is experienced in band driving or elcctric motor driving, but only puts a torque upon the spindle proportional to the power which the moti is giving, it is possible to em no a delicatel r susmnded self-adjusting hearing, so that the spindle and bobbin or rotating part may run on their combined center of gravity with minimum distress on the bearing and minimum power taken in consequence. The bearing may be made according to any of the Well known methods modified in dimensions and form'sufiiciently to adapt itself to the conditions above described.

The other processes of cotton spinning which are known technically as roving and slubbing may also be carried on with apparatus embodying the same principles as that described, and my invention is applicable to them.

. I have described my invention especially in relation to cotton spinning and doubling for the purpose-of facilitating the description, but the sameapparatus and process'is applicable to all other materials besides cotton which require the same sort of treatment.

Having now described my invention What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentis 1 In a spinning, twisting and doubling machine, a twisting elei'nent, means for fractionally imparting twist to the material as it is fed to and drawn from said twisting element. 4

2. In a spinning, twisting and doubling machine, the combination with a twisting element of means for holding fibrous material, together with meansfor fractionally imparting twist to the material as it is fed to and drawn from said twisting element.

3. In an apparatus for twisting fibrous material, the combination of a chamber, means for rotating said chamber, transfer means, said chamber, rotating and transfer means co-acting as regards the twisting operation to impart to the material part only of the ultimately desired twist,-when being laid into said chamber, and the remainder when passing out of said chamber.

4. In an apparatusfor twisting fibrous material, the combination of a chamber, means for rotating said chamber; transfer means; said chamber, rotating and transfer means co-acting as regards the twisting o eration to impart to the material part on y of the ultimately desired twist when being laid into said chamberand the remainder when passing out of said chamber together with gearing interconnecting said chamber and said transfer means.

5. In an-apparatus for twisting fibrous said bobbin after having been twisted and laid into said chamber, said means including a transverse member brought automatically into operative action for laying twisted material on said bobbin-like body.

7. A twisting apparatus comprising in combination a chamber, means for rotating said chamber, transfer means, said rotating means co-acting with said transfer means for causing a part of the ultimately desired twist to be put into the material as it is transferred into said chamber and by a continuous rotation of said rotating means completing the twist as the material is transferred from said chamber.

8. A twisting apparatus comprising the combination of a chamber, means for rotating said chamber, ,co-acting feeding means geared thereto, a bobbin-like body having material to be twisted wound thereon, said combination by continuous rotation acting to. unwind the material from said bobbinlike body into said chamber andto return the material fromthe chamber on to said bobbin-like body.

9. A twisting apparatus comprising the combination of a chamber; co-act-ing feeding means geared thereto, and a bobbin like body having material tobe twisted woundthereon, the inner end of said material being secured to said bobbin like body, the

elements of said combination by continuous rotation acting automatically to unwind the material from said bobbin like body into said chamber and to return the material from said chamber on to said bobbin like body. I I

In testimon whereof, in presence 0 two witnesses.

SEBASTIAN ZIANI 1m Framing Witnesses:

EDWARD KNIGHT GnA'rURcK, WiLLIAM DUNCAN Davmso I ailix my signature v 

